منابع مشابه
Basic and Ocular Pharmacology BASIC AND OCULAR PHARMACOLOGY
Introduction The science of pharmacology is concerned with the effects of drugs on the function of living tissues (Greek: Pharmakos = drug, Logos = study). Since modern medicine relies heavily on drugs as the principal tool for the treatment and prevention of disease, it is important that all clinicians possess a basic understanding of the pharmacological principles that govern their clinical u...
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Opioids are a group of analgesic agents commonly used in clinical practice. There are three classical opioid receptors (DOP, KOP and MOP), while the novel NOP receptor is considered to be a non-opioid branch of the opioid receptor family. Opioids can act at these receptors as agonists, antagonists or partial agonists. Opioid agonists bind to G-protein coupled receptors to cause cellular hyperpo...
متن کاملInternational Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. LXXXVI. Orexin receptor function, nomenclature and pharmacology.
Orexin signaling is essential for normal regulation of arousal and behavioral state control and represents an attractive target for therapeutics combating insomnia. Alternatively termed hypocretins, these neuropeptides were named to reflect sequence similarity to incretins and their potential to promote feeding. Current nomenclature reflects these molecular and biochemical discovery approaches ...
متن کاملInternational Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. LXXIV. Apelin receptor nomenclature, distribution, pharmacology, and function.
A gene encoding a novel class a G-protein-coupled receptor was discovered in 1993 by homology cloning and was called APJ. It was designated an "orphan" receptor until 1998, when its endogenous ligand was identified and named apelin (for APJ endogenous ligand). Since this pairing, both apelin and its receptor have been found to have a widespread distribution in both the central nervous system an...
متن کاملBasic Pharmacology of Botulinum Toxin in the Lower Urinary Tract
Neurotransmitters formed in the cytosol of presynaptic nerve endings are enclosed in transport vesicles, which are then transported toward plasma membrane. Through interaction with SNARE proteins, transport vesicles fuse with plasma membrane to release neurotransmitters into the synaptic space. SNARE proteins are targets of botulinum toxins (BoNTs) and tetanus toxin. All types of BoNTs consist ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Postgraduate Medical Journal
سال: 1987
ISSN: 0032-5473
DOI: 10.1136/pgmj.63.746.1112-a